Keuntungan dan Efek Samping KB IUD

Apakah Bunda berniat mengikuti program Keluarga Berencana (KB)? Kalau ya, mungkin Bunda pernah mendengar beberapa informasi mengenai efek samping KB. Misalnya wajah berjerawat, berat badan bertambah, sulit hamil di kemudian hari dan masih banyak penjelasan lain yang belum tentu benar. Bagaimana dengan KB jenis IUD?

KB IUD adalah alat kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Device (IUD) berbentuk T terbuat dari plastik yang lentur yang akan menghalangi sperma bertemu sel telur sehingga kehamilan tidak akan terjadi. Pada ujung bagian bawahnya terdapat tali yang dimasukkan dalam rahim. Fungsi tali ini adalah untuk mengecek apakah IUD masih terpasang dengan tepat dan baik.  Pemasangan KB IUD ini pun tidak terlalu lama, bisa dilakukan dengan rawat jalan dan sesekali mengontrolnya ke dokter.

Ada dua jenis KB IUD. Pertama KB IUD tembaga (Copper), cara kerjanya dengan melepaskan partikel tembaga yang dapat membunuh sperma sehingga sperma gagal bertemu sel telur. Jenis lainnya yaitu  KB IUD dengan hormon yang melepaskan hormon progestin.

KB IUD ini cenderung aman, tidak mahal dan sangat efektif mencegah kehamilan. Keuntungan KB IUD ini antara lain:
• Bertahan dalam jangka panjang 5-10 tahun
• Tak perlu kuatir lupa seperti layaknya kontrasepsi pil
• Tidak mengganggu program menyusui
• Tidak terasa oleh Bunda mau pun suami saat berhubungan
• Tetap bisa berolahraga, seperti berenang dan jenis olahraga lainnya

Meski memiliki keuntungan yang cukup menggiurkan namun, Bunda perlu mewaspadai efek sampingnya. Efek samping yang biasa terjadi seperti kram dan sakit pinggang setelah beberapa jam pemasangan. Beberapa Bunda mengalami pendarahan ringan dan nyeri setelah beberapa minggu pemasangan. Pada IUD tembaga terkadang volume haid lebih banyak, cairan vagina bertambah dan resiko keputihan lebih besar. Tak perlu kuatir berlebih, yang penting tetaplah berkonsultasi dengan dokter.

Tips :
Lakukan pengecekan sebulan sekali (setelah haid) dengan memasukkan jari ke dalam vagina untuk mengetahui apakah tali IUD masih terpasang atau lepas. Bila terasa tali IUD tidak terpasang atau kendur lakukan pengecekan ke dokter.

Rumus Menghitung Berat Badan ideal

Hampir setiap orang di dunia ini ingin memiliki berat badan yang wajar tidak lebih dan tidak kurang, namun banyak hal dan faktor yang menyebabkan keinginan itu sulit untuk terwujud. Berikut ini adalah rumus cara menghitung berat badan normal dan berat badan yang ideal versi indeks broca. Gunakan timbangan berat badan yang masih berfungsi dengan baik dan akurat.
1. Berat Badan Normal
Berat Badan Normal = Tinggi Badan - 100
Contoh :
Jika tinggi kita dari ujung kaki hingga ujung kepala adalah 160 cm maka berat badan normal kita adalah 160 - 100 = 60 kg.
2. Berat Badan Ideal
Berat Badan Ideal = (Tinggi Badan - 100) - ( 10% tinggi badan -100)
Contohnya : Jika tinggi badan kita adalah setinggi 150 cm, maka berat badan ideal kita adalah (150 - 100) - (10% x (150 - 100) = 50 - 5 = 45 kg.
Dari hasil tersebut dapat kita ketahui apa yang terjadi dengan diri kita dengan membandingkan hasilnya berikut di bawah ini :
- Kelebihan Berat Badan / Overweight = Hasilnya 10% s/d 20% lebih besar
- Kegemukan / Obesitas / Obesity = Hasilnya lebih dari 20% dari yang seharusnya
- Kurus = Hasilnya 10% kurang dari yang seharusnya.
Jika ada kesalahan mohon maaf dan tolong dikoreksi. Thanks.

Newer 'Pill' May Raise Blood Clot Risk

WEDNESDAY, Oct. 26 (HealthDay News) -- Birth control pills with newer types of progestogen hormones (drospirenone, desogestrel or gestodene) are more likely than others to cause serious blood clots, a new study confirms.

These new pills -- marketed as Yaz or Yasmin, among other brand names, in North America -- are popular, although the risk of serious blood clots, also known as venous thromboembolism (VTE), has been noted before. Last month, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a cautionary note warning of raised odds for blood clots in women taking the newer form of oral contraceptives.

In the new study, researchers reviewed data on all Danish women, ages 15 to 49, not pregnant between January 2001 and December 2009. During that time, over 4,200 first episodes of VTEs occurred.

Women taking birth control pills with a newer progestogen hormone had twice the risk of VTE compared to those who took pills with an older progestogen called levonorgestrel.

Compared to women who did not use birth control pills, the risk of VTE was three times higher among those who used pills with levonorgestrel and six times higher among those who took pills with drospirenone, desogestrel or gestodene.

But the absolute risk of VTE associated with taking the newer pills is relatively low, about 10 per 10,000 women, according to the University of Copenhagen researchers.

For every 2,000 women who switched from using newer pills to pills with levonorgestrel, there would be one less case of VTE a year.

The study was published online Oct. 26 in the BMJ.

While some doctors may choose to prescribe birth control pills with a lower risk whenever possible, it is crucial not to exaggerate the risk of VTE, Dr. Philip Hannaford of the University of Aberdeen in Scotland, wrote in an accompanying editorial.

"Oral contraceptives are remarkably safe and may confer important long-term benefits in relation to cancer and mortality," he said in a journal news release.

More information

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has more about birth control pills.

http://news.yahoo.com/newer-pill-may-raise-blood-clot-risk-160805707.html;_ylt=AijdlRhWk74.8JHVs__ZqYzrSLYF;_ylu=X3oDMTRiN3B2bHZhBG1pdANUb3BTdG9yeSBIZWFsdGhTRiBTZXh1YWxIZWFsdGhTU0YEcGtnA2E0MzdjNmY2LWJlYTYtM2RkMy04YWEyLWNhYmE1ODc0MThjZgRwb3MDNwRzZWMDdG9wX3N0b3J5BHZlcgMxODE3MWQ5MC0wMDRmLTExZTEtYmZiZi1jNmY1YzU2YzMxNWU-;_ylg=X3oDMTIydmQxa3A0BGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANoZWFsdGh8c2V4dWFsIGhlYWx0aARwdANzZWN0aW9ucw--;_ylv=3

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More Evidence Shows Newer Forms of 'Pill' Raise Clot Risk, FDA Says

THURSDAY, Oct. 27 (HealthDay News) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Thursday said it "remains concerned" that a newer generation of birth control pills may raise the odds for serious blood clots more than older forms of the Pill.

The announcement concerns oral contraceptives containing a newer type of progestin hormone called drospirenone, which includes Bayer's Yaz or Yasmin. According to the FDA, the new study found a higher risk of venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) -- potentially dangerous clots -- in women on the drospirenone-containing pills vs. those on older forms of oral contraceptives.

The FDA-funded review involved the medical histories of more than 800,000 American women, all of whom were on some type of birth control between 2001 and 2008. The study found that women taking the newer oral contraceptives experienced a higher rate of clots than women on older forms of the contraceptive pill.

The review also found that women on two other forms of birth control -- the Ortho Evra patch from Johnson & Johnson and the NuvaRing vaginal ring from Merck -- had a higher rate of clots.

For now, the FDA is not advising that most women switch to another form of contraception. "If your birth control pill contains drospirenone, do not stop taking it without first talking to your health care professional," the agency said. "Contact your health care professional immediately if you develop any symptoms of blood clots, including persistent leg pain, severe chest pain or sudden shortness of breath. If you smoke and are over 35 years of age, you should not take combination oral contraceptives because they increase the risk that you could experience serious cardiovascular events, including blood clots."

Thursday's announcement was not the FDA's first word on this issue, nor is likely to be the last. The agency issued a similar warning in September, and in a statement released Thursday said that, "given the conflicting nature of the findings from six published studies evaluating this risk, as well as the preliminary data from the FDA-funded study," it plans to host a public meeting on the issue on Dec. 8.
The announcement Thursday comes a day after the release of a study in BMJ that also found newer birth control pills were tied to a higher risk for clots.
In that study, researchers reviewed data on all Danish women, aged 15 to 49, who were not pregnant between January 2001 and December 2009. During that time, more than 4,200 first episodes of VTEs occurred.
Women taking birth control pills with a newer progestin hormone had twice the risk of clots compared to those who took the older form of contraceptive pills.
Compared to women who did not use birth control pills, the risk of VTE was three times higher among those who used pills with levonorgestrel and six times higher among those who took pills with drospirenone, desogestrel or gestodene.
But the absolute risk of VTE associated with taking the newer pills remained relatively low, about 10 per 10,000 women, according to the University of Copenhagen researchers.
For every 2,000 women who switched from using newer pills to pills with levonorgestrel, there would be one less case of clots a year.
While some doctors may choose to prescribe birth control pills with a lower risk whenever possible, it is crucial not to exaggerate the risk of VTE, Dr. Philip Hannaford of the University of Aberdeen in Scotland, wrote in an accompanying editorial in the journal.
"Oral contraceptives are remarkably safe and may confer important long-term benefits in relation to cancer and mortality," he said in a journal news release.
Dr. Glenn Jacobowitz, vice chair of the division of vascular surgery at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City, said: "The information for Yaz is not new. That has recently already been shown in studies to have an increased risk of blood clots than other oral contraceptives. The information on NuvaRing and Ortho Evra would be a new, but similar finding. This is certainly worrisome, particularly for women over age 35 and for smokers."
More information
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has more about birth control pills.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/more-evidence-shows-newer-forms-pill-raise-clot-210812820.html;_ylt=AhZmDfsim2c4UUd9xF4zlSvrSLYF;_ylu=X3oDMTRiOW04YjRjBG1pdANUb3BTdG9yeSBIZWFsdGhTRiBTZXh1YWxIZWFsdGhTU0YEcGtnAzJkYWIxYzYwLWY1ODQtMzQ5Ni1iOTQwLTkyMTVhNzMzODkwNQRwb3MDNARzZWMDdG9wX3N0b3J5BHZlcgMwZTQ4MmVjMC0wMTE4LTExZTEtYmZiYS1mZDhlMDA3NjA3ZWI-;_ylg=X3oDMTIydmQxa3A0BGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANoZWFsdGh8c2V4dWFsIGhlYWx0aARwdANzZWN0aW9ucw--;_ylv=3

Some birth control shows higher clot risk: US

Some birth control products, including contraceptive pills, rings and patches for women, carry a significantly higher risk of blood clot than low-dose medications, US regulators said Thursday.

The US Food and Drug Administration said in its review of studies that have included more than 800,000 women that the higher risks are posed by products such as the pill Yaz, the transdermal Ortho Evra patch, and the NuvaRing vaginal insert.

All three methods are "associated with an increased risk of VTE (deep venous thrombosis) relative to the standard low-dose" pills, the FDA said.

Featured in the study were pills that contain drospirenone, as opposed to another type of progestin known as levonorgestrel. Some brand names include Yaz, Yasmin, Beyaz, Ocella, Loryna, Gianvi, Safyral, Syeda and Zarah.

Yaz is the second biggest selling product made by the German pharmaceutical giant Bayer, with 1.56 billion in global sales.

NuvaRing is a once-a-month vaginal insert made by Merck pharmaceuticals, and the weekly Ortho Evra patch is made by Janssen Pharmaceuticals.
The finding about clot risk associated with patches and rings are new and need to be replicated, the FDA said. A full discussion on the matter is scheduled for December.
These "continuous exposure" birth control methods "potentially result in higher sustained exposure to estrogen and hence, increased thromboembolic risk," the FDA warned.

The European Medicines Agency concluded on May 27 that such birth control pills carry a higher risk of venous thromboembolism and that warning labels should be updated accordingly.

However it noted the overall risk of blood clot from any birth control method remains small and stopped short of advising women to stop taking pills containing drospirenone.
The pills have been the focus of numerous lawsuits, including one lodged earlier this year on behalf of a teenager who died from a blood clot allegedly linked to the German chemical and pharmaceutical company Bayer's Yaz contraceptive.
Michelle Pfleger, an 18-year-old college student in North Carolina, died of cardiac arrest last September after taking Yaz, also known as Yasmin or Ocella, to treat acne, according to the complaint.
Two studies out this year in the British Medical Journal found that drugs like Yaz and Yasmin increase the risk of serious blood clots three-fold or two-fold compared to earlier-generation oral contraceptives.
The official Yaz website says the drug is associated with "increased risks of several serious side effects, including blood clots, stroke, and heart attack."
According to Glenn Jacobowitz, vice-chair of the division of vascular surgery at New York University Langone School of Medicine, doctors have been aware of the risks of Yaz and similar pills for some time.
"The information on NuvaRing and Ortho Evra would be a new, but similar finding. This is certainly worrisome, particularly for women over age 35 and for smokers," he said.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/birth-control-shows-higher-clot-risk-us-222419487.html;_ylt=Am1.MWVKR0MMlYKpwpQ19kDrSLYF;_ylu=X3oDMTRiYWJqZWY4BG1pdANUb3BTdG9yeSBIZWFsdGhTRiBTZXh1YWxIZWFsdGhTU0YEcGtnA2E2N2I1OTI4LTg0OGQtMzY0YS04MzkxLTEzOWQ5ZDQ5OTU1ZgRwb3MDMgRzZWMDdG9wX3N0b3J5BHZlcgMxNDZkZDBiMC0wMTc4LTExZTEtOGVmZC03ZWMwNjRhNjhkNDQ-;_ylg=X3oDMTIydmQxa3A0BGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANoZWFsdGh8c2V4dWFsIGhlYWx0aARwdANzZWN0aW9ucw--;_ylv=3

Scientists Identify Gene Linked to Cold Sores

FRIDAY, Oct. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Researchers have identified a certain gene associated with susceptibility to herpes simplex labialis, more commonly known as cold sores.

People who carry this gene may have more frequent and severe outbreaks of the small blister-like lesions that appear around the mouth, the new study said. The researchers noted that their findings could lead to the development of new treatments for the herpes simplex virus type 1, which infects 70 percent of the U.S. population, according to a news release from the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

In the study, investigators identified an area on human chromosome 21 among 618 people from 43 large families where six genes that have been previously linked to cold sores are located. They found one gene in particular, known as C21orf91, was linked to more frequent outbreaks.

"While these findings await confirmation in a larger, unrelated population, these findings could have important implications for the development of new drugs that affect determinants of the cold sore phenotype," study author Dr. John Kriesel and colleagues at the University of Utah School of Medicine in Salt Lake City and the University of Massachusetts Medical School explained in the release.

In an editorial accompanying the study, published online Oct. 28 in the Journal of Infectious Diseases, Australian scientists noted that if the findings are confirmed, more research could also begin to investigate whether this gene also plays a role in genital herpes.

More information

The U.S. National Library of Medicine has more about cold sores.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/scientists-identify-gene-linked-cold-sores-130804564.html;_ylt=Ajx421GMZGiN6HnVkazGVLnrSLYF;_ylu=X3oDMTRidDNzODloBG1pdANUb3BTdG9yeSBIZWFsdGhTRiBTZXh1YWxIZWFsdGhTU0YEcGtnAzVjOTM4Mjc1LTAzOTUtM2I0MC05NzA4LTdlOGQ4YmZkOTM3YgRwb3MDMQRzZWMDdG9wX3N0b3J5BHZlcgMyN2I5OWE1MC0wMWUxLTExZTEtYjlmYi1kY2JkODUxMjBhODI-;_ylg=X3oDMTIydmQxa3A0BGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANoZWFsdGh8c2V4dWFsIGhlYWx0aARwdANzZWN0aW9ucw--;_ylv=3

Program urges smokers switch to smokeless tobacco

In the smoker-heavy state of Kentucky, a cancer center is suggesting something that most health experts won't and the tobacco industry can't: If you really want to quit, switch to smoke-free tobacco.

The James Graham Brown Cancer Center and the University of Louisville are aiming their "Switch and Quit" campaign at the city of Owensboro. It uses print, radio, billboard and other advertising to urge smokers to swap their cigarettes for smokeless tobacco and other products that do not deliver nicotine by smoke.

Supporters say smokers who switch are more likely to give up cigarettes than those who use other methods such as nicotine patches, and that smokeless tobacco carries less risk of disease than cigarettes do.

"We need something that works better than what we have," said Dr. Donald Miller, an oncologist and director of the James Graham Brown Cancer Center, which supports the effort along with the University of Louisville. "This is as reasonable a scientific hypothesis as anybody has come up with and it needs to be tried."

The campaign runs counter to the prevailing opinion of the public health community, which holds that there is no safe way to use tobacco. Federal researchers, however, have begun to at least consider the idea that smokers might be better off going smokeless.

The National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health says on its website that the use of all tobacco products "should be strongly discouraged," and that there is "no scientific evidence that using smokeless tobacco can help a person quit smoking." But this year it approved funding for a study that might provide some of that very evidence.

"Switch and Quit" is directed by Brad Rodu, a professor of medicine at the University of Louisville. He analyzed the 2000 National Health Interview Survey and found that male smokers who switched to smokeless tobacco were more likely to quit smoking than those who used nicotine patches or gum.

"Americans are largely misinformed about the relative risks. ... They think smokeless tobacco is just as dangerous," Rodu said. "This level of misinformation is an enormous barrier to actually accomplishing tobacco-harm reduction because if people believe that the products have equal risk, there's not a real incentive."

The program is funded through Rodu's research money, which includes grants from the tobacco industry. Grants through the University of Louisville are unrestricted, which the program says "ensures the scientific independence and integrity of research projects and activities."

"There's absolutely no influence whatsoever," Rodu said. "I decide, along with my colleagues, how we use the money, for what projects, and this is entirely the case. I would not have a situation where there was some control over the kind of projects I undertake."

Tobacco companies want to market more smokeless tobacco and other cigarette alternatives to make up for falling cigarette sales. Some have introduced "snus" — small pouches like tea bags that users stick between the cheek and gum — and dissolvable tobacco — finely milled tobacco shaped into orbs, sticks and strips.

But they're barred by federal law from explicitly marketing them as less risky than cigarettes — at least for now. That means the "Switch and Quit" program can do something the tobacco industry itself cannot: claim that smokeless tobacco has a health benefit when compared to smoking.
The program says smoking kills about 220 adults a year in and around Owensboro. The state of Kentucky, a leading tobacco grower, has the nation's highest smoking and lung cancer rates.

Owensboro and the surrounding area consume about 3 million cigarettes a week, according to the program. That amounts to well over a pack for every man, woman and child in the community of about 115,000 people.

Owensboro resident Vernon Goode had smoked for about 10 years before he recently traded his Marlboros for dissolvable tobacco tablets. The campaign didn't inspire him to quit, but he said he thought it was a good idea.

"I was just wanting to quit because, you know, I could feel it in my lungs," Goode said. "I'll smoke a cigarette every once in a while, but not very often. I want to quit altogether and I'm just using this right here as I guess what you'd call a stepping stone."

The Owensboro program has raised concerns among some in the public health community who say organizers are claiming smokeless tobacco is a healthier alternative to smoking without approval from the Food and Drug Administration.

A 2009 law gives the FDA authority to evaluate health risks of tobacco products and approve those that could be marketed as safer than what's currently for sale. None have been given the OK yet. The FDA also plans to regulate electronic cigarettes, battery-powered plastic and metal devices that heat a liquid nicotine solution in a disposable cartridge, creating vapor that users inhale.

Matthew Myers, president of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, called the program "a giant experiment with the people of Owensboro without rules or guidance designed to protect individuals from experimental medicine."

Smokeless tobacco isn't a safe alternative to cigarettes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health warnings on the products required by the FDA state the same thing.

However, some studies, including a 2007 report from the Royal College of Physicians in London titled "Harm Reduction in Nicotine Addiction," suggest that some smokeless tobacco products are about 90 percent less harmful than cigarettes.

"The worst that you can say about smokeless tobacco is that it's the lesser of two evils," said Dr. Randall Thomas, an oncologist with the Owensboro Medical Health System. The health system, the community's largest employer, is going smoke-free in 2013 and is offering Rodu's program as one of a variety of quit-smoking tools for its employees.

"I don't think we have any problem in telling a person that drinks a six-pack a day that if they could cut it back to two beers a day or two drinks a day that their health risks are greatly reduced," Thomas said. "Finding a way to let people have their nicotine that carries less risk, it's the realistic solution."

The Owensboro program doesn't suggest pharmaceutical nicotine replacement gum or patches. That's because they are regulated to provide very small doses of nicotine and are recommended for only a short period of time, while smokeless tobacco can be used as long as a smoker needs, Rodu said.

Myers, of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, said more research is needed before anyone should suggest that the nation's 46 million smokers would be better off using smokeless tobacco. In the meantime, he said, there are a host of FDA-approved products that can help people give up smoking.

"There's a right way and a wrong way to determine whether smokeless tobacco can and should be marketed as a way to help people quit," Myers said.

The National Cancer Institute approved funding earlier this year for a nationwide 1,250-person study to look at whether being given a snus product changes the habits of smokers who are not motivated to quit.

The tobacco industry sees smokeless tobacco as its future, said Matthew J. Carpenter, a psychology professor at the Medical University of South Carolina who is conducting the yearlong study.

Carpenter said the snus study will examine what smokers do when given smokeless tobacco. He won't look at the health effects, or advise smokers to use the snus to quit.

"They are probably safer than conventional cigarettes, if for no other reason than you're not burning anything, you're not smoking anything, you're not inhaling any smoke," he said.

"If you compare it to conventional cigarettes, they're probably a little bit better. If you compare it to quitting, they're absolutely worse."

___

Michael Felberbaum can be reached at http://www.twitter.com/MLFelberbaum.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/program-urges-smokers-switch-smokeless-tobacco-182613157.html

7 Tips for Picking a 2012 Medicare Part D Plan

You can switch into a new Medicare Part D plan for 2012 during the open enrollment period from October 15 to December 7. Premium prices, deductibles, and covered medications can change each year, so it's a good idea to reevaluate whether your current plan will still be a good fit for you in the coming year. "If you are enrolled in a plan now and happy with what you have, the best thing to do is call your plan or go online and see how the coverage that you have might be changing," says Juliette Cubanski, a policy analyst at the Kaiser Family Foundation. "What you have this year is not going to be exactly the same next year." Here's how to pick a prescription drug plan that best meets your medication needs in retirement:

[See The 10 Best Places to Retire in 2012.]

Weigh your options. Medicare beneficiaries will have a choice between an average of 31 Medicare Part D plans in 2012, ranging from 25 plans in Alaska and Hawaii to 36 plans in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, according to a recent Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of 2012 plan offerings. Some 1,041 prescription drug plans will be offered nationwide in 2012, down from a peak of 1,875 plans in 2007. "Compare plans for the specific drugs you use and recheck every year," says Jack Hoadley, a health policy analyst at Georgetown University. "The plan that was the best deal a year ago or five years ago may not be the best deal today." You can find and compare plans using the Medicare Plan Finder tool.

Consider monthly premiums. The projected average monthly Part D premium will be $39.40 in 2012, assuming beneficiaries remain in their current plans, KFF found. That's up 4 percent from $37.96 in 2011, and a 52 percent increase from $25.93 in 2006. But there is a wide variation in annual premium changes. For example, the more than 4.6 million enrollees in UnitedHealth's AARP Preferred MedicareRx prescription drug plan will see a 14 percent increase in their premium in 2012, to $39.70, if they remain in this plan. In contrast, Humana's low-premium Walmart-Preferred Rx Plan will increase premiums by 2 percent, to $15.10 in 2012.

KFF estimates that about 510,000 Medicare Part D beneficiaries will experience premium increases of at least $10 per month in 2012 unless they select a less expensive plan. The researchers expect premium prices to decline by at least $10 monthly for 370,000 retirees if they stick with their current Part D plan. Premium changes also vary considerably by region. Average premiums are expected to fall slightly in 2012 in Louisiana, Nevada, and southern New England, but KFF estimates they will rise by at least 10 percent in California, Maine, and New Hampshire. Retirees with annual incomes of at least $85,000 ($170,000 for couples) will also pay higher income-related Part D premiums in 2012.

Determine copayments and coinsurance. Premiums aren't the only cost you should pay attention to when selecting Part D coverage. Many Part D plans require participants to pay a percentage of the cost of their drugs or a set amount for each prescription filled. "It is the combination of copays and premiums and the deductible that impacts the total amount of costs that you have," says Hoadley. "If you simply pick the cheapest plan with the lowest monthly premiums, but the drugs you need are in tiers that have very high copays, then you will have to pay more under that plan." Find out how much you will need to pay out-of-pocket for medications you are likely to take next year.

[See Social Security Checks to Grow 3.6 Percent in 2012.]

Deduce the deductible. Over half of Part D plans (53 percent) will charge a deductible in 2012. Most plans with a deductible will charge the maximum possible amount of $320 in 2012. The proportion of plans with deductibles that charge less than the maximum possible deductible has declined from 24 percent in 2010 to 10 percent in 2012. Some 47 percent of Part D plans will charge no deductible next year.

Examine the formulary. Find out if the medications you need are covered by each plan you consider, and make sure that a pharmacy that is convenient for you is compatible with the plan. "Be careful if you sign up for a plan that requires you to fill all your prescriptions at specific pharmacies because if you don't, you could end up paying more," says Elizabeth Hargrave, a senior research scientist at the University of Chicago's National Opinion Research Center. Some plans require prior authorization before a prescription will be covered, set quantity limits on how much medication you can get at one time, and may require you to try similar, lower-cost drugs before covering a more expensive prescribed drug. Most Part D plans have multiple tiers of covered medications for which they charge different prices, says Cubanski. "Plans can make changes to the formulary placements of the drugs they do cover and that can impact how much people pay."

Don't delay signing up. If you don't join a Medicare drug plan when you are first eligible, typically at age 65, or go 63 days or more without prescription drug coverage after that you may have to pay a higher Part D premium. The cost of the late enrollment penalty varies based on how long you went without prescription drug coverage.
[See How to Retire on Social Security Alone.]
Mind the gap. Medicare Part D plans have a coverage gap that will gradually be closed by the health reform law. The coverage gap begins after an enrollee incurs $2,930 in prescription drug costs and ends after an enrollee reaches $6,658 in total drug costs and catastrophic drug coverage kicks in. Brand-name drugs purchased in the gap will be discounted by 50 percent and generic drugs by 14 percent in 2012, due to provisions of the Affordable Care Act of 2010. Most Part D plans (74 percent) offer no gap coverage beyond what is now required by law. Among the quarter of plans that offer some gap coverage, most only provide access to generic and not brand-name drugs, KFF found. Only 7 percent of Part D plans cover some brand-name drugs in the coverage gap and no plans offer full gap coverage for all drugs on their formulary in 2012. "Don't just assume that because a plan is covering some drugs in the gap, it's worth paying extra in premiums," says Hargrave. "It's really important to do that math."

import from:  http://news.yahoo.com/7-tips-picking-2012-medicare-part-d-plan-141912229.html

Yoga, stretching help lower back pain: study

People who suffer chronic lower back pain saw about the same improvement after taking yoga classes taught by highly trained teachers as they did from stretching classes, said a US study Monday.

The findings, described by authors as the largest US randomized trial on yoga to date, appear in the October 24 issue of the Archives on Internal Medicine, a journal of the American Medical Association.

"We found yoga classes more effective than a self-care book -- but no more effective than stretching classes," said lead study author Karen Sherman, a senior investigator at Group Health Research Institute in Seattle.

"We expected back pain to ease more with yoga than with stretching, so our findings surprised us," she said.
The same group of researchers conducted a smaller trial in 2005 based on a randomized sample of 101 adults. That study suggested yoga was the best remedy for back pain because those who practiced it used fewer pain relievers and had better back function.
The latest data is derived from a sample of 228 people across six cities in the western state of Washington, and while it showed a slight lead by the yoga class, the difference was not enough to matter statistically.
The subjects were assigned to 12 weekly classes that lasted 75 minutes each.
The yoga was a type known as viniyoga, which features poses adapted for the individual condition of those in the class, breathing exercises and a deep relaxation period. Classes were taught by instructors with more than 500 hours of training.

The stretch classes were taught by licensed physical therapists with teaching experience and two hours of training in techniques that focused on the trunk, legs, hamstrings and hips. Some strengthening exercises were also included.

The third group was given a self-care book called "The Back Pain Helpbook" to read for tips on alleviating pain.

"Back-related dysfunction declined over time in all groups," the study said, noting that compared to the handbook group, the yoga group reported superior function at 12 and 26 weeks.

The stretching group reported superior function at six, 12 and 26 weeks. At no point in the follow-up analysis was there a statistically meaningful difference between the stretching and yoga groups.

"The most straightforward interpretation of our findings would be that yoga's benefits on back function and symptoms were largely physical, due to the stretching and strengthening of muscles," Sherman said.

She also acknowledged that the stretching classes were longer and more intense than those typically offered at neighborhood gyms, so the trial may have been inadvertently comparing two very similar exercise methods.

"Our results suggest that both yoga and stretching can be good, safe options for people who are willing to try physical activity to relieve their moderate low back pain," she said.

"But it's important for the classes to be therapeutically oriented, geared for beginners, and taught by instructors who can modify postures for participants' individual physical limitations."

A separate study released earlier this year suggested yoga can lower stress and improve quality of life among breast cancer patients.

Another research team found that regular yoga practice by cardiac patients was able to cut irregular heartbeat episodes in half.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/yoga-stretching-help-lower-back-pain-study-210729540.html

More evidence that coffee cuts skin cancer risk

More evidence that coffee, particularly among female drinkers, has a positive effect against the most common form of skin cancer worldwide was released Monday at a major US medical conference.

Women who drank more than three cups per day of caffeinated coffee saw a 20 percent lower risk of getting basal cell carcinoma (BCC), a slow-growing form of cancer, than those who drank less than a cup per month.

Men who drank the same amount saw a nine percent lower risk, said the research presented at the 10th American Association for Cancer Research International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research in Boston.

"Given the nearly one million new cases of BCC diagnosed each year in the United States, daily dietary factors with even small protective effects may have great public health impact," said researcher Fengju Song, a postdoctoral fellow in the department of dermatology at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.

"Our study indicates that coffee consumption may be an important option to help prevent BCC."

The data was derived from the Nurses' Health Study (Brigham and Women’s Hospital) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (Harvard School of Public Health).

The nurses study followed 72,921 participants from June 1984 to June 2008. The health professionals study tracked 39,976 participants from June 1986 to June 2008.

Basal cell carcinoma was the most frequently diagnosed skin cancer in the groups, totaling 22,786 cases.

The benefits of coffee drinking were not seen against the next two most prevalent types -- squamous cell carcinoma (1,953 cases) or melanoma (741 cases).

Basal cell carcinoma is a non-melanoma form of skin cancer, and is the most common cancer in the United States. Seventy-five percent of all skin cancers are basal cell carcinomas, according to the American Cancer Society.

It is most common in people with light hair and green or blue eyes, and can manifest itself as a skin sore that bleeds and doesn't heal, though it rarely spreads to other parts of the body.

Previous studies have shown coffee drinkers tend to have fewer incidences of breast, uterine, prostate and colon cancers, but the beneficial effects are not seen in people who drink decaffeinated coffee.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/more-evidence-coffee-cuts-skin-cancer-risk-215940038.html

Most Women Who Get Yearly Mammograms Will Face A False Alarm

Of women who get yearly mammograms, 61 percent will have at least one false-positive result over a decade, a new study shows.

And because of these 'false alarm' test results — which seem to indicate cancer but further tests reveal not to be tumors —7 to 9 percent of women will be recommended to get a biopsy.

If women are instead screened every other year, only 42 percent will have a false positive over a decade, but this lengthened screening interval brings a small increased risk of getting a later-stage cancer diagnosis, the study showed.

"We hope that by helping women know what to expect in terms of false-positive results, they'll be less likely to experience anxiety when they are called back for a repeat screening or biopsy," said study researcher Rebecca Hubbard, an assistant investigator at the Group Health Center for Health Studies in Seattle.

The study researchers say they recommend that women and their doctors develop a screening plan based on the patient's individual risk factors for breast cancer and her tolerance for dealing with such false alarms.

The study will be published online tomorrow (Oct. 18) in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine.

Mammogram recommendations

The topic of how often women should get mammograms and at what age they should start has been controversial. The American Cancer Society recommends all women with average risk of breast cancer get a yearly mammogram starting at age 40, and the National Cancer Institute recommends women age 40 and older get a mammogram every year or two.

On the other hand, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued new recommendations in 2009 that women should wait until age 50 to begin the screening, and should have a mammogram every other year, citing false detections, and the unnecessary biopsies and anxiety they can bring.

The new findings emphasized the importance of radiologists being able to review a patient's previous mammograms because it "may halve the odds of a false-positive recall,'' the researchers wrote. Though recommendations for for further testing — fine-needle aspiration or surgical biopsy — are less common than false positives, they can lead to unnecessary pain and scarring. The additional testing also contributes to rising medical costs.

"We conducted these studies to help women understand that having a false-positive result is part of the process for mammography screening," Hubbard said.

The researchers used data from seven mammography registries in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium, a comprehensive breast cancer registry. They looked at data from nearly 170,000 women from seven regions around the United States, and almost 4,500 women with invasive breast cancer.

Mammograms are going digital

A second study compared digital mammograms with the older technology, film mammograms. Digital mammograms are increasingly being used, the researchers said.

That study included data nearly 330,000 women between the ages of 40 and 79, also from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium.

The researchers found that digital and film mammography were equally effective for women over age 50, but for women ages 40 to 49 — especially those with dense breast tissue — digital mammograms were slightly more likely to find a cancer. However there was also an increased risk for false positive results for these younger women.

The researchers found that for every 10,000 women 40 to 49 who are given digital mammograms, two more cases of cancer will be identified for every 170 additional false-positive examinations.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/most-women-yearly-mammograms-face-false-alarm-180809597.html

5 Surprisingly Healthy Fruits and Veggies You Aren't Eating

Snack on one large Asian pear, and you'll get 10 g of fiber, nearly half of your daily recommended amount. So what's so great about fiber? Not only does it lower cholesterol, but it also keeps you full longer and helps to control blood sugar levels.

Try them: As a quick grab-and-go snack by adding them to a salad. We love this Spinach Salad with Pears, Pecans, and Goat Cheese recipe.

This leafy green cabbage is the number one veggie in China and boasts 10 times the recommended amount of vitamin A in just one cup. Packed with antioxidants, it's no surprise that several studies show that high intake of Brassica vegetables (a family of vegetables including kale, broccoli, and bok choy) may reduce the risk of certain cancers, including prostate cancer.

Try it: In the wok. Just add oil and ginger to make this delicious Stir-Fried Bok Choy recipe

 Eat just one cup of this South American fruit, and you're getting 5 times as much vitamin C as a medium orange (377 mg versus 83 mg). Like other red fruits, including tomatoes and watermelon,  guava contains lycopene, which may help prevent heart disease. And according to research by microbiologists in Bangladesh, guava can even protect against foodborne pathogens such as Listeria and staph.

The Center for Science in the Public Interest released a report in June 2011 comparing the nutritional info of 50 popular fruits. They ranked them based on the percentages of certain nutrients—fiber, vitamin C, potassium, folate, iron, calcium, and antioxidant-packed pigments called carotenoids–in each serving. Guava beat out apples, bananas, and grapes to be the number one fruit.

Try it: In delicious pastries, cobblers, and turnovers. Its tangy sweetness is nice alternative to cherries, berries, and other more common fruits.

 This sweet white fruit is popular in Asia, but with its big health benefits, it should make its way into your cart, too. According to a 2006 study in the Journal of Nutrition, lychee has the second-highest level of heart-healthy polyphenols of 24 fruits tested. They were beat only by strawberries, and the study found they had nearly 15% more disease-preventing polyphenols than grapes. Lychee's powerful antioxidants may also help to prevent the formation of breast cancer cells, according to a recent test-tube and animal study from Sichuan University in China.

Try them: In your favorite fruit salad (you can buy the canned version), or puree them with broth and simmer to make a delicious sauce for chicken or pork.

Even though low-carb diets are no longer the rage, potatoes still have a bad reputation for wrecking diets. Brand new research from the University of Scranton in Pennsylvania comes to a different conclusion, at least about the purple variety. A study followed 18 overweight and obese people who also had high blood pressure. Participants were asked to either eat six to eight golf ball-sized purple potatoes for lunch and dinner, or stick to a potato-free diet. After a month, participants switched diet routines. Participants who ate potatoes saw a significant drop in their high blood pressure—diastolic  pressure fell an average 4.3 percent while systolic blood pressure dropped an average 3.5 percent.

Try them: Roasted, with a little olive oil and salt. They cook (and taste) similar to other potatoes. Try our Roasted Potato Medley recipe.

import from: http://health.yahoo.net/rodaleSlideshow/PV/5-surprisingly-healthy-fruits-and-veggies-you-aren-t-eating#4

Feds break up $18M Los Angeles-area Medicare scam

LOS ANGELES (AP) — Federal authorities raided Los Angeles-area pharmacies Thursday, arresting 16 people in an alleged $18 million scheme to defraud Medicare that included the recruitment of veterans, homeless people, the poor and elderly.

A federal criminal complaint contends a doctor at Manor Medical Imaging Clinic of Glendale wrote prescriptions for anti-psychotic drugs.

The drugs, which included Abilify, Seroquel and Zyprexa, were billed to Medicare and Medi-Cal but didn't go to those recruited for the scheme. Instead, the drugs were allegedly sent to black market wholesalers and then funneled to the San Gabriel Valley pharmacies, where they were repackaged so they could be re-dispensed.

Some Medicare beneficiaries had their identities stolen for use in the scheme. As a result, some people were later denied coverage for drugs they needed, authorities said.

The main pharmacy named in the complaint — Huntington Pharmacy in San Marino — had fewer than $45,000 in Medi-Cal claims in 2009 but nearly $1.5 million last year, and most were prescriptions from the Manor's doctor, according to the criminal complaint.

Overall, more than $18 million in bills were submitted to federal authorities and about $7.3 million was paid out, authorities said.

More than 200 federal, state and San Marino law enforcement agents served search warrants in Thursday's raids, according to a statement from the U.S. attorney's office.

Those charged with conspiracy to commit health care fraud could face up to 30 years in federal prison if convicted. They include the Manor doctor and the owners of the Huntington Pharmacy.

A message left at Manor seeking comment wasn't immediately returned. A call to Huntington Pharmacy went unanswered.

"Prescription harvesting" schemes involving anti-psychotic drugs are on the increase, authorities said. Anti-psychotic prescriptions can be lucrative because the government will reimburse pharmacies up to $2,800 for a single bottle of pills.

import from: http://news.yahoo.com/feds-break-18m-los-angeles-area-medicare-scam-225025414.html;_ylt=AigiMfzxO52_hCyWr6ekNak_cbYF;_ylu=X3oDMTRicGhlOXQxBG1pdANUb3BTdG9yeSBIZWFsdGhTRiBTZW5pb3JzQWdpbmdTU0YEcGtnA2RkOTA4MWZjLTNhMzktMzdiOS05YzZjLTA4OTUwMWJmNDMwZQRwb3MDOARzZWMDdG9wX3N0b3J5BHZlcgM5NzBjZTcxMC0wMTY3LTExZTEtYWRmZS03YmVhYzg0MTg1MDE-;_ylg=X3oDMTI0azM1MDFwBGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDBHBzdGNhdANoZWFsdGh8c2VuaW9ycyAtIGFnaW5nBHB0A3NlY3Rpb25z;_ylv=3

Cara Menumbuhkan Bulu

Bulu (rambut), telah dikaruniakan Tuhan kepada kita guna memeperindah diri kita, bahkan melindungi diri kita dari sengatan sinar ultraviolet.

Banyak dintara pria yang merasa kurang perkasa, dengan tidak tumbuhnya bulu-bulu, baik berupa kumis, jampang, janggut, ataupun bulu-bulu yang tumbuh dibagian terlarang di tubuhnya.

Pertumbuhan rambut terangsang oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya faktor turunan. namun rambut juga bisa terangsang tumbuh dengan upaya-upaya sehat yang bisa dilakukan.

Berikut adalah tips menumbuhkan rambut (bulu) yang cukup mudah dilakukan, dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan yang alami, sehingga tidak ada efek samping dikemuian hari.

Ambilah sebuah pepaya yang sudah matang, (kupas sampai bersih).

Pisahkan antara Buah dan bijinya. (yang kita pakai adalah bijinya).

Kemudian biji pepaya tersebut kita keringkan dengan cara dijemur.

Apabila sudah kering, tumbuk biji tersebut sampai halus.

Bakar 1 Buah kemiri, kemudian bakar sampai keluar minyaknya.
Ambillah minyak tersebut, dan campurkan dengan biji pepaya yang telah ditumbuk tadi.

Oleskan campuran tadi pada bagian yang diinginkan sebelum anda tidur.

Cara Meluruskan Rambut dengan daun seledri.

Rambut yang lurus kini memang sedang menjadi trend, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan berbondong-bondong untuk pergi ke salon hanya untuk meluruskan rambut, padahal harganyapun sangat mahal dan tidak alami pula, rambutpun malah menjadi rusak. Agar rambut menjadi lurus dengan cara yang alami dan tentunya murah BGT, ada tipsnya loh! Mau?? Caranya>>> Ambil beberapa daun seledri yang masih segar lalu tumbuk hingga hancur dan beri sedikit air. Setelah itu peras dan ambil sari airnya, lalu masukan kedalam botol dan inapkan hingga semalam. Pagi harinya baru dapat dipakai sebagai Cream Bath(dengan cara dipijat-pijat hingga merata keseluruh kulit kepala), kemudian bilas dengan air dan keramas dengan shampo yang cocok.

Gampang BGT kan tipsnya?? Ada yang lebih gampang juga loh!! Mau tahu?? Ya ngasih komentar.. Gampang dan bermanfaat!! Saya tunggu ya komentar dari kamu-kamu semua!

Menghitamkan Rambut Dengan Kembang Sepatu

Bahan-Bahan :
- Daun Kembang Sepatu
- Air Bersih
- Jeruk Nipis

Cara Pembuatan :
- Tumbuk daun kembang sepatu hingga halus.
- Tambahkan air pada tumbukan Daun Kembang Sepatu yang sudah halus tersebut dan kocek-kocek selama 5 menit.
- Saringlah untuk diambil air sarinya. Kemudian bubuhi air perasan jeruk nipis.
Aturan Pakai :
Gunakan air sari daun Kembang Sepatu yang telah dibubuhi perasan jeruk nipis tadi untuk berkeramas. Lakukan secara teratur, 2 kali dalam seminggu.

Cara Menyuburkan Rambut dengan Telur Udang.

Bahan-Bahan :Udang besar yang mengandung telur ............. 3 ekor
Cara Pembuatan :Ambillah telur udang tersebut dan letakan dalam sebuah wadah.
Aturan Pakai :Gosok-gosokkan telur udang tadi pada bagian yang botak atau pada bagian yang kurang subur tumbuh rambutnya pada sore. Lakukan hal tersebut sebelum menjelang tidur. Biarkan demikian selama satu malam. Pada pagi harinya, cucilah bersamaan dengan waktu mandi pagi.

Kenali Penyebab Rambut Rontok

Tips Kesehatan, Jakarta - Memiliki rambut sehat dan Indah, jika tidak dijaga, bisa berakhir dengan kerontokan. Sebelum itu terjadi pada Anda, kenali dulu hal-hal yang membuat rambut Anda rontok!

Ada banyak faktor yang mengakibatkan rambut jadi kusam dan rontok. Jika setiap hari rambut mengalami kerontokan dengan jumlah di atas 50 helai sehari, maka Anda patut waspada. Apalagi kalau kerontokan yang terjadi mencapai 100 helai/hari. Ini merupakan tanda awal dari kebotakan. Anda tentu tidak mau sampai botak, bukan?

Sebelum membereskan masalah ini. Anda harus tahu dulu jenis kebotakan dan kerontokan seperti apa yang Anda miliki.

Kebotakan karena Hormon

Kebotakan ini disebabkan oleh hormon androgen atau alopecia androgenic, biasa dialami oleh kaum pria. Tapi jangan senang dulu, karena masalah ini juga bisa terjadi pada wanita terutama dalam masa menopause.

Kebotakan Setempat

Kebotakan ini disebut juga alopecia areata, yaitu kerontokan yang terjadi terutama pada wanita yang tengah hamil, pasca demam tinggi atau pasca operasi.

Penyakit Kronis

Penyakit kronis ini biasanya berupa jamur dan bakteri pada kulit kepala, penanganan rambut yang salah, hingga obat-obatan.

Apabila kerontokan telah mencapai ketiga kondisi di atas, maka penanganannya harus ditangani oleh dokter ahli.

Penggunaan bahan-bahan kimia yang salah malah akan semakin memperparah kondisi rambut. Dan tentunya Anda harus bersabar karena pengobatan itu akan bertahap dan memakan waktu tidak sebentar. Tapi, demi rambut tebal, indah dan berkilau, mengapa tidak? [inilah]

Tips Menyuburkan Rambut

Tips Kecantikan kali ini tentang rambut. Banyak orang yang ingin menumbuhkan rambut dengan cepat atau menyuburkan rambut dan bulu lainnya. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan lebat tidaknya rambut seseorang. Nah, bagi anda yang ingin menumbuhkan rambut dengan cepat, simak artikel ini.

Sebenarnya saya sudah sering memberikan tips-tips seputar rambut, seperti beberapa tips kecantikan rambut berikut (klik pada judul untuk membacanya!):

Cara memakai kondom yang benar.

Kondom merupakan alat kontrasepsi dan pencegah penyakit menular seksual (PMS) yang banyak diminati kaum adam. Selain harganya yang murah, kondom juga mudah didapat.

Karena fungsi utama dari kondom adalah untuk alat kontasepsi dan pencegah tertularnya penyakit kelamin, maka perlu diperhatikan cara memakai kondom yang benar.

Tips Memilih Kondom
Sebelum digunakan, pilihlah kondom yang cocok untuk anda, sesuai dengan kriteria berikut:

-Ukuran yang Tepat
Pilihlah kondom yang sesuai dengan ukuran penis anda. Ukuran yang tepat penting untuk kenyamanan pada saat bercinta dan tentunya efektifitas kondom itu sendiri.

-Coba Berbagai Merek
Coba berbagai merek dan jenis untuk menemukan kondom mana yang lebih nyaman dan tepat untuk anda dan pasangan anda. Walau kelihatannya sama, tetapi masing-masing kondom memiliki bahan, tekstur dan kenyamanan yang berbeda.

Cara Memakai Kondom
Setelah menemukan kondom yang cocok, sekarang saatnya anda menggunakan kondom tersebut. Berikut langkah-langkahnya:

- Buka bungkus kondom perlahan-lahan. Sobek pada bagian pinggir. Jangan merobek pada bagian tengah bungkus kondom, karena dapat merusak kondom yang ada didalamnya.

- Pakai kondom perlahan-lahan saat ereksi penuh dengan cara menggulungnya sampai ke pangkal penis.

- Jika ujung kondom tidak memiliki ruang penampung, tariklah sekitar satu sentimeter agar air mani tertampung di sana. Hindari juga masuknya udara pada area kosong tersebut, agar tidak merusak kondom.
***
- Pasca ejakulasi, segera lepaskan kondom tersebut sebelum penis anda lemas. Pegang pangkal kondom dengan jari, guna mencegah sperma tumpah atau merembes.

- Jangan sembarangan membuang kondom bekas tersebut, untuk menghindari penularan penyakit seksual.

Itulah cara memilih dan memakai kondom yang baik dan benar yang blog tips Kesehatan tulis dan rangkum dari berbagai sumber. Semoga tips'nya bermanfaat bagi anda dan pasang anda.